2006-12-25

immaculate

1. Impeccably clean; spotless. See synonyms at clean.
2. Free from stain or blemish; pure.
3. Free from fault or error: an immaculate record.
4. Having no markings.
e.g.
It's amazing that while Carolyn always appears immaculate, her apartment often seems very dirty.
Don't expect a child to come home from a birthday party with immaculate clothing. Children usually manage to get as much birthday cake on their clothing as in their mouths.

gloat

To feel or express great, often malicious, pleasure or self-satisfaction: Don't gloat over your rival's misfortune.
e.g.
The coach told his team, "There's only one thing worse than a score lose, and that's a mean winner. Don't gloat."
Neil's sister always tattles on him and then gloats when he's punished, saying "I told you so."
tattle: To reveal the plans or activities of another; gossip.

impropriety

不適当, 不適切, 間違い, (語の)誤用, 無作法(な行為), 下品.

fiduciary

(名詞)〔法〕受託者.
━ (形容詞)
1 〔法〕信託された;受託者の
~ property  信託財産.
2 〈不換紙幣が〉信用発行の.

2006-12-22

gaunt

1.Thin and bony; angular.
2.Emaciated and haggard; drawn.
3.Bleak and desolate; barren.
e.g.
Abraham Licoln's beard made his gaunt face look fuller.
Sharo's eating disorder, called anorexia nervosa, has made her so gaunt that she looks like a walking skeleton.

garble

1. To mix up or distort to such an extent as to make misleading or incomprehensible: She garbled all the historical facts.
2. To scramble (a signal or message), as by erroneous encoding or faulty transmission.
3. Archaic. To sort out; cull.
e.g.
The typesetter accidentally garbled the newspaper story, giving the reader only a mixed-up articles.
The company had garbled the bike's assembly instructions so badly that we were constantly confused about which step to do next.

contrive

1. To plan with cleverness or ingenuity; devise: contrive ways to amuse the children.
2. To invent or fabricate, especially by improvisation: contrived a swing from hanging vines.
3. To plan with evil intent; scheme: contrived a plot to seize power.
4. To bring about, as by scheming; manage: somehow contrived to get past the guards unnoticed.
e.g.
My eight-year-old son could write a book titled 101 Ways I Have Contrived to Stay Up Past My Bedtime.
Jill has to contrive a way to get a day off from work for her firend's wedding. She's already used up her vacation time.

blight

1. a. Any of numerous plant diseases resulting in sudden conspicuous wilting and dying of affected parts, especially young, growing tissues. b. The condition or causative agent, such as a bacterium, fungus, or virus, that results in blight.
2. An extremely adverse environmental condition, such as air pollution.
3. Something that impairs growth, withers hopes and ambitions, or impedes progress and prosperity.
e.g.
Nothing has hurt our country more than the blight of drugs.
There are two ways of looking at TV: as a blight that dulls the mind or as a valuable source of information.

2006-12-18

doctor

〈車などを〉修理[修復]する; 〈写真・原稿などを〉修正[改作]する; 〈文書などに〉不正な変更を加える, …をごまかす《 up 》
~ a leak in the roof  屋根の穴を修理する
~ (up) a balance sheet  貸借対照表に手を加えてごまかす.

Some photos and videos that have appeared on the Internet show the strap flying out of the gamer's hand during play, or the final result -- a Wii controller apparently jammed into a smashed television screen. A number of the photos appear to be doctored, Abel said.
-- Nintendo recalls 3.2M straps for Wii controllers

2006-12-16

acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

アセトアルデヒド脱水素酵素

2006-12-11

servitude

1 奴隷状態, 隷属, 隷従.
2 懲役, (刑罰としての)強制労働.
3 〔法〕地役権: 他人の土地を利用できる権利.

2006-12-10

coltan

コルタン(Coltan)とは、コロンバイト-タンタライト(Columbite-Tantalite (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6)の略で、鉱石の1種。
-- Wikipediaより

2006-12-08

gully

雨裂;(水の流れる)小峡谷,渓谷(特に狭くて深いもの);溝.

2006-12-07

incite

1 〈人を〉励ます, 激励[鼓舞]する, 〈人を〉刺激[鼓舞]して(…)させる《 to... 》
The speaker ~d the workers to strike.  弁士は労働者を扇動してストライキをやらせた.
2 〈怒り・好奇心などを〉起こさせる.

2006-12-04

thrombosis

血栓症, 血栓形成.

molasses

糖蜜(とうみつ)(《英》treacle);(砂糖キビから採れる)糖液
(as) slow as ~  ひどくのろい.

2006-11-26

altruism

愛他主義, 愛他心, 利他主義; 利他的行為(⇔egoism).

2006-11-19

hoard

(金銭・財宝の)貯蔵, 秘蔵[退蔵]物, たくわえ;(知識などの)蓄積.

2006-11-13

estuary

1 (潮のさす大河の)河口
the Thames ~  テムズ河口.
2 (河口にできた)入り江.

aquaculture

(魚類・海草類の)養殖.

2006-11-12

bigfoot/sasquatch

Bigfoot, also known as Sasquatch, is believed by some to be an ape-like cryptid and by others to be the product of imagination.
-- From Wikipedia

2006-11-11

blatant

1 見え見えの, 見え透いた; 露骨な, 目に余る.
2 ひどく騒々しい; けばけばしい.
Added on 2006-12-22:
Scott's smoking is blatant. Not only does he light up everywhere, but his clothes smell of smoke, and his fingers are stained with nicotine.
The company's disregard of the environment is blatant. It makes no effor to stop polluting coastal waters with garbage.

Botox

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It is the most poisonous naturally occurring substance in the world. Though it is highly toxic, it is used in minute doses both to treat painful muscle spasms, and as a cosmetic treatment in some parts of the world. It is sold commercially under the brand names Botox and Dysport for this purpose. The terms Botox and Dysport are trade names and are not used generically to describe the neurotoxins produced by Clostridia species.
-- From Wikipedia

cellulite

A fatty deposit causing a dimpled or uneven appearance, as around the thighs and buttocks.

2006-11-08

outlook

1. A point of view; an attitude: a positive outlook.
2. Expectation for the future: the long-term outlook for economic growth.
3. a. A place where something can be viewed. b. The view seen from such a place.
4. The act of looking out.

egalitarian

平等主義の, 平等主義者

rancid

〈油・バター・油性食品などが〉(腐敗などにより)いやなにおい[味]のする;〈におい・味が〉むかつくような

germinate

発芽する
germination: 発芽
germinative: 発芽能力のある

chloroplast

葉緑体

cod liver oil

たら肝油

alkanoic acid

カルボン酸

prostaglandins

プロスタグランジン

low linolenic soybean oil

低リノレン大豆油

2006-11-05

scintillate

1. To throw off sparks; flash.
2. To sparkle or shine. See synonyms at flash.
3. To be animated and brilliant: dinner conversation that scintillated.
[Latin scintillare, scintillat-, from scintilla, spark.]

have a way with

to have a charming, persuasive, or effective manner of dealing with: He has a way with children; to have a way with words.
(from dictionary.com)

2006-10-26

pelvis

1 骨盤(の骨)
2 腎盂(じんう)

epidural

硬膜外麻酔
分娩の際の麻酔がこれで、多くの場合epiduralと言えばそのことを指すようだ。合衆国では分娩の過半数は麻酔による無痛分娩だそうだ。

toad

ヒキガエル(ヒキ, ガマ, イボガエルを含む); (トカゲなど)ヒキガエルに似た動物.

2006-10-23

heretic

異端者, 異説を唱える人, 異教徒.

2006-10-20

sissy

1 めめしい少年[男]; いくじなし.
2 姉妹; 少女.
~ish

2006-10-16

Jeopardy!

Jeopardy! is a well-known international television quiz game show, originally devised by Merv Griffin, who also created Wheel of Fortune. The show originated in the United States, where it first ran on NBC from March 30, 1964 until 1975 and again from 1978 to 1979. Its most successful incarnation is the current Alex Trebek-hosted syndicated version, which has aired continuously since September 10, 1984. Jeopardy! began its 23rd season in syndication on September 11, 2006 with its first broadcast in HDTV.
-- from Wikipedia

minutia

plural minutiae
A small or trivial detail: "The minutiae of experimental and mathematical procedure" (Frederick Turner).

propensity

《形式》(しばしば好ましくない事への)傾向, 性向, 性癖《 for, to do 》

2006-10-11

credulous

1 〈人が〉信じやすい, だまされやすい.
2 〈行動などが〉軽信から生じる.

2006-10-10

Astroturf

〔商標〕アストロターフ:人工芝. 偽物の草の根運動(fake grassroots)をこう呼ぶことがある。

quid pro quo

1 《ラテン語》(…の)お返し, 対価, 代償物, 報酬《 for... 》.
2 代用品.
3 しっぺ返し.
2006-12-25:
If the client acts in a fiduciary capacity, employees must take special care not to provide entertainment or gifts that would appear to encourage a quid pro quo business transaction.

crowbar

金てこ, バール.

haphazard

(形容詞) でたらめの, 行き当たりばったりの, 当てのない.
(副詞) 偶然に, でたらめに.

by training, by trade

正式に学んだ場合をby training、仕事の中で覚えた場合をby tradeと言うようだ。programmer by trainingだと、大学で計算機科学を勉強したということで、programmer by tradeだと、正式な教育は受けず、仕事をしていく上でプログラミングを覚えたということになる。
辞書で説明は見当たらなかったが、少なくとも"programmer by training"、"programmer by trade"をグーグル検索すると、上記の意味での用例がみつかる。

2006-10-09

succinct

1 〈話などが〉簡潔な;〈作家が〉言葉の簡潔さを特徴とする.
2 《古》〈衣服が〉ぴったり合った.

dovetail

名詞
1 蟻(あり)ほぞ: 先がハトの尾の形に広がったほぞ.
2 蟻[鳩(はと)尾]継ぎ:蟻ほぞで木材を継ぐこと.
動詞
1 〔木工〕(…を)蟻継ぎする.
2 〈事実・知識・計画などを[が]〉かみ合う, 符合する.
3 (…と)緊密な連絡を保つ《 with... 》.

progenitor

1 (人・動植物の)先祖.
2 (…の)創始者; 先駆;原本《 of... 》.

2006-10-08

cabal

1 陰謀(plot).
2 《the ~》《集合的に単数・複数扱い》(政治的な)陰謀団, 秘密結社;(文学・芸術界の)派閥.
3 《the C-》〔英史〕キャバル政府: Charles II時代の政権.

bane

1 破滅のもと; 悩みの種
2 《主に複合語》猛毒
3 《詩》死, 破滅

heretic

異端者, 異説を唱える人, 異教徒.

2006-10-07

falsifiability

反証可能性: 検証されようとしている仮説が実験や観察によって反証される可能性があることを意味する。(Wikipediaより)

coercion

1 強制, 強要 under ~  強制されて.
2 強制[抑圧]力.
3 圧政, 専政, 弾圧政治.

dislodge

〈人・物を〉(特定の場所から)除去する, のける, 押しのける

pardon

1 寛容, 勘弁, 許し, 容赦 ask for a person's ~  人の許しを請う.
2 〔法〕恩赦(令), 赦免(証書) special [general]~  特赦[大赦].
3 〔カトリック〕贖宥(しょくゆう), 免罪; 免罪符.

I beg your pardon.
(1) ごめんなさい.I am sorry.よりていねいな表現.誤って人の体に触れたり,人を押したり,足を踏んだりしたときに用いる.begに強勢を置き,下降調または上昇調で発音.

聞き取れなくて聞き返すときはI beg your pardon.やPardon me.と言っているが、ネイティブスピーカーからはあまりそう聞いたことはなかった。I'm sorry.と言って聞き返していることが多い気がする。I beg your pardon.とI'm sorry.はほぼ同じ意味だったとは。

internment

1 抑留,監禁 an ~ camp  (捕虜・敵国人・政治犯の)収容所.
2 抑留期間; 抑留状態,監禁の身.

penitentiary

1 《米》(州・連邦の)(重罪)刑務所.
2 〔カトリック〕ローマ聖庁裁判所, 内赦院 the Grand P~  内赦院長.

2006-10-06

nondescript

はっきりしない, 何とも言いようのない, 漠然とした, 目立たない, これといった特徴のない.

ploy

1 (会話・ゲームなどで)相手の出ばなをくじく策略.
2 《英略式》気晴らし; 仕事, 試み.

innocuous

1 〈行為・陳述などが〉気にさわらない, 人畜無害の, おもしろくない, 当たりさわりのない
an ~ play  退屈な劇.
2 〈薬・蛇などが〉無害[無毒]の.

utter

〈言葉を〉口[声]に出す, 言う, 〈叫び声・うめき・ため息などを〉発する, 出す; 〔声〕〈音声などを〉発(音)する; 〈物が〉〈音を〉出す

infamy

悪名, 汚名, 悪評; 不名誉; (世間の)強い非難.

2006-10-05

foyer

1 (劇場などの)休憩室(lobby).
2 《米》入り口の間,玄関.
標準的発音では第1音節に強勢を置くのだが、フランス語風に第2音節に強勢を置き、「エ」のように発音する人もいるそうだ。たとえば不動産業者などは。そうすると、ちょっと高級な、気取った感じになるそうで。しかし、本当のフランス語の発音では第1音節は「フォワイ」のようになるので、第2音節だけフランス語風にするのは間抜けで、本当に教養のある人は標準的な発音をするそうだ。

acquisitive

《形式・しばしば軽蔑》(知識・情報などを)取得しようとする, (富・土地などを)得ようとする《 of... 》;貪欲な,がめつい

2006-09-30

Ptolemy

プトレマイオス:ギリシャの天文学者・数学者・地理学者;天動説を主張
英語ではPを発音しない。

scholasticism

《時にS-》スコラ哲学

2006-09-27

contranym

any word that can be its own antonym
e.g. dress, garnish, trim, dust

2006-09-24

cochlea

(内耳の)蝸牛殻(かぎゅうかく)

lagoon

1 潟(かた);《米》(川・湖につながる)小さな沼.
2 礁湖:環礁に囲まれた浅い海.
3 汚水処理用貯水池.

manure

肥料;有機質肥料(特に動物の排出物)

2006-09-21

fluke

思わぬ幸運, まぐれ当たり

apeirophobia

a fear of infinity.
Greek apeiron `infinity'

vilify

けなす,そしる,中傷する

2006-09-20

apoptosis

one of the main types of programmed cell death (PCD).

toponym

地名(に由来する名).
例:donnybrook:
《しばしばD-》《略式》大乱闘.
語源 けんか騒ぎで有名なアイルランドの市(いち)

mop the floor with

《米》…を徹底的にやっつける(《英》wipe the floor with...).

2006-09-17

cordite

コルダイト爆薬:ひも状の無煙火薬.

drone

1 雄バチ,(特に)雄ミツバチ.
2 なまけ者,のらくら者,ごくつぶし.
3 (無線操縦による)無人飛行物体(ミサイルなど).

mortar shell

mortar:
1 乳(にゅう)ばち,すりばち(⇒PESTLE);粉砕機.
2 臼砲(きゅうほう),迫撃砲;花火用臼砲.

shell:
砲弾,破裂弾;砲弾式の花火;《米》(小兵器・猟銃用の)薬きょう,薬包,弾薬筒(cartridge).

clandestine

秘密[内密]で行われる.不法行為を行うためにとの含みがある.
2006-12-17にOn the Mediaでも聞いた

sabotage

1 サボタージュ.
(1) 故意に工場の機械・設備に損傷を与え生産を遅滞させる行為.
(2) 戦時中の敵側工作員などによる破壊行為.日本語の「サボタージュ(怠業)」は,《米》slow-down (strike),《英》go-slow.
2 (一般に)妨害行為,切りくずし工作

2006-09-12

wordsmith

1. A fluent and prolific writer, especially one who writes professionally.
2. An expert on words.

2006-09-10

orthoepy

正音学;正しい発音(法).
-pist: 音韻学者.

clamor

(賛否を)叫ぶ,騒ぎ立てる《 for, against... 》

ammunition

1 弾薬.
2 武器, 飛び道具.

wear on

wear:〈時が〉ゆっくり[だらだら]過ぎる《 away, on 》

HMS

Her [His] Majesty's Service [Ship] 英国軍艦.

2006-09-08

pejorative

〈言葉・接辞などが〉軽蔑的な(意味の),非難の意味の.

2006-09-04

beat

(警官・夜番などの)巡回(区域);(配達人の)受け持ち区域;専門分野,本領
a policeman's ~  警官の巡回区域
a cop on [off] the ~  巡回中[非番]の警官
pound the ~ 《略式》 (警官が)警ら[巡回パトロール]する.

take to

…におもむく;(特に隠れ場を求めて)…へ行く,逃げ込む
~ to one's bed  (病気で)床につく.

2006-09-02

cardiomyopathy

心筋症

mitral valve prolapse

僧帽弁逸脱症

precipitous

1 崖(がけ)のような,断崖(だんがい)絶壁の,切り立った,非常に険しい,急勾配(こうばい)の.
2 大急ぎ[大あわて]の.

myocardial infarction

心筋梗塞
MIと略して言うこともある。

epinephrin

エピネフリン: 副腎髄質から採るホルモン;血圧を上げる.

2006-09-01